<font size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">个年级孩子都需要有一些能力需要锻炼和引发，怎样做好这个引导的作用，对孩子以后的学习是很重要的，特别是小学三年，是一个过渡的年纪，更加应该抓好这一步，现在来看看</span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="三年级" href="http://www.klxuexi.com/channel_xxues.html" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US"><u>三年级</u></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">孩子的一些特点，对其了解了以后才能知道如何做，特别是家长们更要花心思了，因为毕竟孩子在家里的时间很多的：</span></font></p><font size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">三年级学生特点：</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　一、三年级是一个关键的过渡阶段。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3">         </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">小学五年一般可分为三个阶段；一、二年级为低段</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">低年级</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">；三、</span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="四年级" href="http://www.klxuexi.com/channel_xxuesi.html" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US"><u>四年级</u></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">为中段</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">中年级</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">；</span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="五年级" href="http://www.klxuexi.com/channel_xxuew.html" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; text-underline: none;"><span lang="EN-US"><u>五年级</u></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">为高段</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">高年级</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　二、做事情很积极，但不易持久。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　三年级学生共同特点是积极做事，什么都想听一听、看一看、干一干，但是又缺乏耐心，愿意主动参加集体活动，开朗活泼。与二年级孩子明显不同的是，朋友突然多起来了，互相联系，成群结队地玩耍。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　三、做事情容易毛躁，不够踏实。　</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　由于三年级学生的行为多变好动，对什么都想看个清楚，所以去什么地方手脚都不稳当</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">,</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">常受到指责和批评。但是，在大多数情况下这种指责只起短时作用，孩子不生气，过一会就故态复萌。　</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　四、开始表现出趋利弊害的心理特点。　　</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　与同学吵架时，老师询问吵架的理由，双方只拣对自己有利的说，不利的话不说。这个阶段还不懂得如何合理反驳。这比二年级时故意说没有作业，想出去玩的表现还要不好。因为二年级时的动机很简单，而且不是有准备的、恶意的，是单一的眼前动机造成说假话。三年级学生是有意识地回避对自己不利的一面。所以，不管是家里人之间发生争执，还是与别人吵架，家长、老师一定要听双方意见，做出自己的判断。在做完一件事时，要从失败的地方开始总结，告诉孩子：不敢承认自己的错误是最不勇敢的人。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　五、很少以学者、科学家或者学习优秀的人为偶像。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　三年级学生绝对崇拜有力量的英雄人物。除了动画片中的英雄之外，电影、电视中的主人公形象、影视明星、体育明星、歌星舞星，都会成为他们的偶像，这个阶段崇拜学者、科学家的孩子很少，对于自己班级、学习优秀的学生也并不崇拜。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　六、学习方面：知识量大，知识面更宽。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　三年级学生的压力感相当明显，老师的授课量比二年级时大，知识学习广泛了，如语文学科低年级主要是一些非常基础的知识，拼音、生字、词语读几遍，抄几遍，只要孩子下功夫记一般不成问题。但是三年级就有所不同了，除了掌握以上基础知识外，需要记忆、背诵大量的汉字和诗词，还要学会写作文。并且，作业本上更多的是一些比较“活”的题目，也就是我们通常所说的这些题目是没有什么最标准的答案，可以是一题多解，不像学习生字、拼音怎么读就怎么读，这个字怎么写就怎么写，而是对学生提出了更高的要求，基础必须扎扎实实的掌握，该读还要读，该抄的还得抄。同时不定期的要拓展孩子的思维，从不同角度去考虑问题。同时，学习方面的改变还表现在内容增加了，新开设的英语课、健康、科学等就是例子，也是现在教学内容中比较重视和重要的一部分。正是因为这样，再加上有些孩子自觉性较差，从而造成成绩比二年级时偏低。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　七、思维由形象思维向抽象思维转化　</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　以数学学科为例：学生不仅要理解万以内数的意义，会读会写数，能在数的具体、情景中把握相对大小关系，会口算、笔算和估算三位数乘一位数这些形象思维的知识，更要理解几分之一和几分之几的初步含义，学会简单的分数加减法，认识并会用质量单位千克和克，掌握</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">24</font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">时记时法和经过时间的计算。会解决两步计算的实际问题及相应的问题。还有掌握长方形和正方形的特点，会计算它们的周长，解决相应的实际问题。会收集并整理信息，用统计表或条形图呈现统计结果等一些抽象思维的知识点。教材中数字增大了，难度也提高了，做题的方法更注重灵活多变，一题多解，更注重开放性题的训练。同时，学习方面的改变还表现在内容增加了，新开设的英语课、健康、科学等就是例子，也是现在教学内容中比较重视和重要的一部分。正是因为这样，再加上有些孩子自觉性较差，从而造成成绩比二年级时偏低。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　三年级学生教学注意问题：</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　一、对学生的积极性要鼓励，但是多关注他们的成果，引导其持之以恒的做事。　</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1) </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">为孩子明确目标：孩子有了兴趣去做某事，我们应该告诉他这件事情你应该做到什么程度，要达到一个怎样的目的才可以。这样做是帮助孩子杨成良好的做事习惯。教育他们做事情要“有的放矢”。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2) </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在孩子做事情的过程中进行监督和督促而不是放手让孩子去做，做到什么程度了不闻不问。这样会不利于良好的学习习惯的养成，容易让孩子养成“三分钟热度”的坏习惯。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3) </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在孩子做事情的过程中适当的给与指导，不要让他们在遇到问题的时候由于解决不了而感到气馁、挫折，但是也不要过多的干涉，助长孩子的依赖心理。最好是引导其向独立思考方法并解决问题的方向前进。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　二、不能只凭一件事情的结果来对学生下定论，</font></span><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">应该在学生做事的过程中及时纠正其不良的习惯。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　三、在课堂上利用多种手段培养和提高学生的注意力。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　在课堂上，教师应该能够控制学生兴奋的情绪，让其注意力有方向。教师应抓紧时机在上半节课学生注意力较集中的时间内，讲清重点，突破难点。在讲解之后注意巩固阶段，让学生对新知有一个完整、准确的把握，师生可以在一种较为轻松的理解和运用。正是因为张弛并用，学生才能保持高度集中的注意，合理而有效的学习知识，充分地利用了课堂。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　充分利用学生已有的知识经验，发挥其无意注意是培养学生注意力的第一步。从心理学角度来看，凡是学生完全不熟悉的东西，或完全熟悉的东西都不能引起学生的兴趣和注意。因此只有结合学生熟悉的知识经验引出他们不熟悉的知识，才能提起学生的兴趣，谐音他们的注意力。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　四、课程知识应该多突出新旧知识之间的联系与区别，</font></span><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">帮助学生梳理知识体系。　</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1) </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">温故知新。以数学为例：三年级是整数学习的最后一年，多位数运算占全年教材的近一半，出色地完成这部分教材的任务对提高学生的计算能力，对全年的教学任务的完成都起着重要作用。学生多位数运算能力学得好不好，很大程度依赖于一、二年级各种运算的理解和掌握情况。所以教师应该把一、二年级学过的进退位加减法，一位数乘二位数，试商等内容编成口算、听算训练题目，有计划的安排到各节课，作为课前练习。使旧知识对学习起着正迁移作用。　</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2) </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">运用比较。当新旧知识技能十分相似，学生在接受新知识时往往会受旧经验的干扰。这是负迁移作用，是学生学习上的难点。这时应该运用比较方法，帮助学生突破难点，消除旧知识向迁移作用。　</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">　　</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3) </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">改错练习。修改错题往往能给人以更深刻的印象。所以在教学中教师应该注意学生对曾经错过的题目的掌握情况。</span></font><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　五、关注学生抽象思维能力的形成和培养。</font></span><span lang="EN-US"><br><font face="Calibri" size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="3">　　小学一、二年级的学生主要借助直观形象理解知识，并通过反复练习记忆知识。对待三年级学生不能依然停滞于这样的水平。但是，由于三年级的学生思维正处于从具体的形象思维向抽象思维的过渡阶段。这一特点又决定我们的教学不能操之过急。所以，教师应该由浅入深地把形象知识和抽象知识联系起来，让学生循序渐进地建立起抽象思维的学习方法系统。</font></span></p><font size="3"> </font>